Oil burner



Jv. W. FARRAH.A OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED AUGA. 1920.

Patented May 23, 1922.

- 7 r9.; j.. /"6 v Z7 @Sm im 'H/ Q? o 4.3m W l s A /6' f6' E Z5 W JAMES W. FARRAR, OF BUFFALO, NEVIYOBK, ASSIGNOR TO FARRAR MOTORS OOR- IORATION, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 0F NEVI YORK.

0in BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23, 1922..

Application led August 4, 1920. Serial No. 401,137.

` citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in @il Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, land exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skille-d in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This inventionA relates to oil burners and more particularly to a burner especially adapted for utilizing kerosene, fuel oil and the heavier hydrocarbons.

One of the main objects of the invention is to provide aburner especially adapted for use in connection with cooking or heating stoves of standard construction, which may be readily applied without necessitating any change in the construction of the stove itself. A

A further object is to provide a burner which may be installed as aunit, this burner being provided with a cover orv hood plate which acts as a muiiier to reduce -to a minimum the noise of the burner in operation,

this hood plate also being utilized as a generator for preheating the oil and converting it into gas preliminary to delivery to the tipS.

whereby a uniform flow .of oil to the generator is insured, thus securing uniform .combustion and insuring efficiency in operation.

Further objects will appear from the detailed description.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is' a section through the end portion of a cook stove of conventional construction taken longitudinally of the fire pot, showing the burner constructed in accordance with my invention applied,

Figure 2 is a side view Vof the burner in assembled condition, the oil pan being shown in section,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken through the hood and generating plate adjacent the upper surface thereof,

Figure 4L is a transverse section through the oil pan. Y

In constructing my burner I provide a relatively thick or heavy substantially rectangular plate l which is formed of gray A further object is to provide means cast iron so as to be easily machined, when required. This plate is passed about a substantially rectangular pipe frame 2 which is completely enclosed within the plate, as clearly shown in Figure 3 of the drawings. The frame 2 is provided at one end with a nipple 3 which extends through the adj acent end of plate 1, this nipple being connected by-a union joint i to an oil supply pipe 5 which communicates at its upper end with an oil tank 6 of suitable construction vwhich is supported a proper distance above plate 1 so as to cause oil to flow thereto by gravity. A control valve 6 is positioned in the pipe 5 adjacent the tank to control the flow of oil through the same. IThe pipe is further provided a short distance from the plate 1 with a U-member 8, and a check valve 9 positioned slightly in advance of this U-member prevents back pressure in pipe 5. The oil which is to be converted into gaseous form may thus be preheated before being delivered to the pipe frame of the hood plate. The U-member 8 in pipe 5 constitutes a reservoir from which the oil is supplied to the pipe frame 2, thus insuring smooth and uniform flow of the oil and avoiding all sudden changes in the rate of feed such as would tend to interfere with converting of the oil into gas of uniform density and at a uniform rate. This insures that the gas produced will be thoroughly vaporized and of uniform consistency thus securing uniform combustion. j

Pipe frame Q is provided at its other end with a nipple 10 which projects through the adjacent end of plate 1. this nipple being provided with a T 11 secured on the outer end thereof, the outer end of this T being closed by a cap 1Q. T11 is connected by a pipe 13 toa lower gas receiving pipe 14, the ends of which project through the end walls of an oil pan l5 of substantially U- shape in cross section. This pan serves to support plate 1li centrally thereof, the ends of this pipe projecting beyond the ends of the pan and being normally closed by removable caps 16 so as to facilitate cleaning of this pipe by removal of the caps. Pipe 14C is provided with a central 'T 17 carrying a vertically disposed nipple 18 which communicates at its upper end with a T`19 positioned at the longitudinal center of a horizontally disposed burner pipe 20, the ends of which are closed by caps 21, this pipe being provided with spaced burner tips 22, each having a relatively small central opening for the escape of gas therethrough.

Vvvhen the burner is applied to a cook stove as in Figure l of the drawings, the grates of the stove are turned into such position as to permit insertion of the oil pan therethrough, this pan being placed beneath the grates in the ash pit of the stove and supported therein in proper position by means of supporting legs 23 secured to the bottom Vof the pan, these legs being composedY of tubular members having their upper ends threaded into bosses 24; formed on the bottom of the pan and their lower end portions exteriorly threaded so as to be joined to similar, members by means of sleeve couplings, or inany other suitable manner, by means of Which the eflbctivelengthof the supporting legs for the pan may be .readily varied and the pan may be supported in a level position. The pan 15 is so positioned that the hood and generator plate l rest directly upon the grates of the stove so as to be supported thereby, after which the fuel supply pipe 5 is connected to the frame 2 by means of a section 25, which is connected to the pipe frame, this pipe section being passed through the Wall of the stove and connected to the upper end of the inner arm of U 8.

' After the burner has been' installed in this manner, a suitable quantity of oil is poured into the pan 15 and ignited for heating'. pipes 14e and 20 and the plate l to generate an ini- 4tial supply of gas. llhen the gas generatedV flows through the jetsortips 22, it is ignited thus producing a blue flame of relatively high temperature which serves to quickly raise plate l and pipe frame 2 contained thereby to a high temperature so as to generate a relatively great quantity ofgas which is thoroughly vaporized and of uniform con- .sistency, the Agas or vapor thus produced flowing to the jets 22 where combustion takes place. As will benoted more clearly' from Figure 3, the plate l is provided with a number of perforations 26 extending verl tically therethrough, these perforations being placed relatively close together and extending throughout the Whole cross area of,

the plate thusinsuring that this plate will be quickly 'raised to a relatively high temperature. During operation of the burner, air

Will be drawn upwardly throughthe ash pit and this air will be thoroughly mixed with the gases which are ejected from the tips 22, thus insurnig complete combustion and the production of la blue flame which is. This air Will then `flow, to-` intensely hot. gether with Vthe products of combustion,

through' the openings 26 of plate 1 so as to be raised to a high temperature therebygthe fheated'air flowing through` the; air passages stove for thisV provided in the body of the purpose so as to heat the stove, and the interior thereof, for cooking purposes in the Well known manner. This burner may be readily Vapplied to a stove of standard con- Ythe burner is used.

It has been found that iiiV using burners of this type a relatively great amount of the heat generated is frequently lost due to the fact that the hood of the burner is positioned considerable distance below the plates of the top of the stove. To overcome this dilliculty, some manufacturers of burners of this general class have adopted the method of supporting the hood a considerable distance above the grates of the stove thus necessitating the provision ofsupplemental supporting means for the hood, While others have adopted the policy ofV filling in the lower portion of the fire pot of the stove with fire clayv or similar material to support the hood closely Aadjacent the lids of the stove. the difficulty referred to may be readily overcome by filling the lire pot of the stove with suitable heat absorbing and radiating elements Whichv rest directly upon the upper surface of plateA l so as tobe readily raised to a high temperature when the burner is in op` eration, these elements radiating the -heat to all parts of the stove and providing a relatively large mass of highly heated material Which acts toL very great advantage to readily heat air drawn therethrough,- in much the same manner` as an-ordinary coal lire. F or this purpose, above plate l with a number' of relatively small hollow-spheres or lire clay or other suitable refractory material. These balls lit sufliciently close together to produce a comparatively compact mass While permitting free flow of air therethrough. In addition, Vbeing hollow the clay balls are comparatively light so that there is no danger of breaking or crushing of the balls of the lower layer due to the Weight of the superposed mass. After the burner has been in operation for a comparatively'short time, approximately lifteento twenty min'- utes, the balls are heated toa bright red thus forming a red hot mass. of material which serves to effectively heat the top of the stove While producing suficient heat to quickly raise the interior portions of the stove to a relatively high temperature for cooking purposes. A

After this mass has thus been heated, the supply of oil to the burner maybe vmateat asubstantially uniform temperature thus I have found by experience thatV I fill the re vpot balls 27 formed of.

i rially reduced, but comparatively littleheat producing a heating and cooking` apparatus composed of the burner and the mass of clay balls which is highly efficient and economical. Also in applying this device, no change whatever in the construction of the stove is necessary, the plate l being supported directly by the stove grates, and the oil pan being positioned in the ash pit, after which the clay balls may be placed in the fire pot above the plate and the apparatus thus produced is then ready for use.

While I have described the apparatus as used in connection with kerosene oil, it is well adapted for using fuel oil and other heavier hydrocarbons.

It will be evident that there may be slight changes made in the construction and arrangement of the details of my invention without departing` from the field and scope of the same, and I intend to include all such variations7 as fall within the scope of the appended claim7 in this application in which a preferred form only of my invention is disclosed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is A fuel burner having a. burner plate, a pipe in communication with a source of fuel supply embedded in said plate to constitute a supply passageway and a preheating chamber for fuel, a fuel pan below said burner7 a pipe in communication with the first mentioned pipe and supported by said fuel pan7 and a burner disposed intermediate said burner plate and second mentioned pipe supported by and in communication with the second mentioned pipe.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES W. FAR-RAR.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. HEIDER, CHAs. W. FARRAR. 

